Autonomous optimization of intra-train communication network

ABSTRACT

A system for dynamically adjusting a configuration of an intra-train communication network includes an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium has one or more programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to receive one or more parameters values associated with a train consist, determine whether a potentially adverse condition that would affect intra-train communication for the train consist is anticipated based on at least a portion of the received parameters, in response to determining that the potentially adverse condition is anticipated, identify one or more updated network parameter settings that will assist in maintaining intra-train communication of the train consist during an occurrence of the potentially adverse condition by executing a machine learning model, and implement the identified one or more updated network parameter settings.

RELATED APPLICATIONS AND CLAIM OF PRIORITY

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/387,029, filed Apr. 17, 2019, which claims priority to U.S. PatentApplication No. 62/658,888, filed Apr. 17, 2018, the disclosure of whichis fully incorporated in its entirety into this document by reference.

BACKGROUND

On-board intra-train communication (“ITC”) network systems are becomingof increasing interest to railroads and their stakeholders. The abilityto track the location and monitor the condition of a train and atransported commodity within an established train consist addssignificant flexibility to rail vehicle fleet management processes.

Current methods for building and managing on-board ITC networks arechallenged by several factors. For example, wireless systems aredesigned with technologies optimized for traditional stationary mesh orstar patterned communication grids, as opposed to a moving, singledimension (flatland string-of-pearls) architecture more representativeof a train consist. In addition, signal parameters, such as receivedsignal strength indicator (RSSI), used to give a coarse indication ofthe signal quality, become less accurate as geometry of thecommunication link is stripped from three dimension space to one, andthe network takes on a transitory motion state rather than remainingstationary.

Moreover, integrity of system communication is dependent upon a smallnumber of settable optimization parameters (e.g. child-parentrelationship, receive signal strength threshold, slot frame size) whichare fix coded at setup, and then at staged intervals as determined byhuman operators. Network optimization routine is programmed for a fixedsolution set (e.g. maximum hop distance, minimum latency time, minimumformation time) regardless of communication environment conditions, andwireless network employs a sole source software protocol for allconfigurations and conditions. Systems typically have no mechanism tolearn from measured data, and use the data to anticipate on-comingchanges in the environment, and adapt the communication networkparameter settings in response. In addition, there is no autonomousdynamic change capability for ITC network parameters.

On-board ITC network systems often break up in situations of impairedcommunication. Notable examples of impairment conditions include,without limitation:

-   -   line-of-sight interruption such as in tight turns when devices        that have already been formed in a network can no longer        communicate as the railcars become oriented to the point where        radio paths become broken or corrupted;    -   atmospheric attenuation of critical signal paths for network        communication when experiencing precipitation;    -   multipath scenarios such as when traversing through concrete        canyons in urban areas or through long tunnels;    -   destructive interference from high signal reflection and        spectral congestion environments such as rail yards;    -   electromagnetic interference from the locomotive engine        emissions or when traversing through electrified track        environments; and/or    -   interference aberrations from high or sudden vibration        conditions due to engine startup, rough track, wheel defects,        subsidence and/or uneven terrain that effect network stability.

Further, when the ITC network breaks up, reestablishing the networkintegrity can be time-consuming, power intensive, and unreliable. Thelocomotive gateway manager must commence a new network formationprocess. The network formation process proceeds to reestablish ITCwhereby the locomotive gateway manager collects and assesses keyparametric information from the individual railcar monitoring devicesand reassembles the communication network through an optimizationprocess based on the collected metrics and preset parameters. However,the network formation process may be adversely effected by variousfactors including, without limitation:

-   -   extended time required to reestablish the communication network        and the loss of information during that time;    -   extended time required to reestablish the communication network        and the persistence of communication breakup in the adverse        environment conditions during that time;    -   key metrics used to make the critical decisions for network        optimization (such as nearest neighbors, child-parent        selections, hop distance) have since changed and are no longer        valid as the formation process proceeds. (For example, nearest        neighbors as selected at the beginning of the network formation        process may no longer be optimal or even visible, the        established hop distance may no longer be achievable, etc.);    -   network formation process proceeds with using the last        programmed settable parameters which may no longer be a suitable        starting point for the current communication environment;    -   optimization routine proceeds with a predetermined solution goal        which may not fit the new environment;    -   network formation processes exact an acute, unanticipated and        unrecoverable toll on power sources, such as battery life of        unpowered systems; and/or    -   network formation process is not autonomous.

The result can be a sub-optimal communication network susceptible tomultiple outage conditions. For example, the result may be an unstablecyclic situation where the network experiences successive breakups as itcontinues to be impaired by the same or new environmental conditionsresulting in a disruptive formation-breakup cycle, and cannot properlyform network links for necessary levels of time per the requirements ofthe coded settings for extended periods of time until the impairmentconditions clear. During these prolonged formation periods, valuabledata about the condition and/or status of the train consist and/or itsindividual railcars may be lost and power sources notably curtailed.

SUMMARY

This disclosure is not limited to the particular systems, methodologiesor protocols described, as these may vary. The terminology used in thisdescription is for the purpose of describing the particular versions orembodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope.

As used in this document, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the”include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used inthis document have the same meanings as commonly understood by one ofordinary skill in the art. As used in this document, the term“comprising” means “including, but not limited to.”

In various embodiments a system for dynamically adjusting aconfiguration of an intra-train communication network includes anelectronic device and a computer-readable storage medium. Thecomputer-readable storage medium has one or more programminginstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to receiveone or more parameters values associated with a train consist, determinewhether a potentially adverse condition that would affect intra-traincommunication for the train consist is anticipated based on at least aportion of the received parameters, in response to determining that thepotentially adverse condition is anticipated, identify one or moreupdated network parameter settings that will assist in maintainingintra-train communication of the train consist during an occurrence ofthe potentially adverse condition by executing a machine learning model,and implement the identified one or more updated network parametersettings.

In some embodiments, the system may identify one or more historicalparameter values associated with a previous navigation of at least aportion of a route being travelled by the train consist or by one ormore other train consists, and determine whether a potentially adversecondition that would affect intra-train communication for the trainconsist is anticipated based on at least a portion of the historicalparameter values.

The system may receive one or more parameters values associated with atrain consist from a gateway of the train consist. The one or moreparameter values may be measured by one or more sensors of the trainconsist. The sensors may include one or more of the following: anaccelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, a motion sensor, a locationsensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a barometric pressuresensor, or an atmospheric sensor. In some embodiments, the system mayreceive at least a portion of the one or more parameter values from oneor more sensors of the train consist.

In some embodiments, the potentially adverse condition may be a tightturn. The system may receive a centrifugal force measurement or anangular acceleration measurement, and a duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurement.The system may determine whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decrease a hop distance value associatedwith the train consist, determine whether a link margin value associatedwith the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value, and inresponse to determining that the link margin value does not exceed thelink margin threshold value, further decrease the hop distance valueuntil the link margin value exceeds the link margin threshold value.

In various embodiments, the system may determine that the train consisthas cleared the tight turn, and restore the hop distance value to avalue in effect prior to encountering the tight turn.

In some embodiments, the potentially adverse condition may be a tightturn. The system may receive a centrifugal force measurement or anangular acceleration measurement, and a duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurement.The system may determine whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decrease a parent-child relationship valueassociated with the train consist, determine whether a link margin valueassociated with the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value,and in response to determining that the link margin value does notexceed the link margin threshold value, further decrease theparent-child relationship value until the link margin value exceeds thelink margin threshold value.

The system may determine that the train consist has cleared the tightturn, and restore the parent/child relationship value to a value ineffect prior to encountering the tight turn.

In some embodiments, the potentially adverse condition may be roughtrack, broken track or an area of track subsidence. The system mayreceive a measurement of an amount of vibration being experienced and alocation associated with where the measurement was obtained. The systemmay obtain historical data comprising vibration information experiencedby the train consist or one or more of the other train consists during aprevious journey, and determine whether at least a portion of thereceived parameter values correlates to at least a portion of thehistorical data, and, if so, classifying the one or more parametervalues as a causation. The system may determine whether a link marginvalue exceeds a link margin threshold value, and in response todetermining that the link margin value exceeds the link margin thresholdvalue, reduce a hop distance value associated with the train consist andreduce a parent/child relationship value associated with the trainconsist.

The system may, in response to determining that the link margin valueexceeds the link margin threshold value, restore each of the hopdistance value and the parent/child relationship value to a value ineffect prior to encountering the potentially adverse condition.

In some embodiments, the potential adverse condition may be aweather-related event. The system may receive one or more of atemperature measurement or a humidity measurement, determine whether aduration associated with the temperature measurement or the humiditymeasurement exceeds a threshold value, in response to determining thatthe duration exceeds the threshold value, determine whether a linkmargin value exceeds a link margin threshold value, and in response todetermining that the link margin value does not exceed the link marginthreshold value, decrease a hop distance value associated with the trainconsist.

The system may determine whether the hop distance value is less than ahop distance threshold value, and in response to determining that thehop distance value is less than the hop distance threshold value,increase a transmission power value associated with the train consist.The system may determine that the train consist is no longerexperiencing the weather-related event, and perform one or more of thefollowing: restore the hop distance value to a value in effect prior toencountering the weather-related event, or restore the transmissionpower value to a value in effect prior to encountering theweather-related event.

In some embodiments, the potential adverse condition may be inter-symbolinterference. The system may receive a link margin value associated withthe train consist, determine whether the link margin value exceeds alink margin threshold value, and in response to determining that thelink margin value does not exceed the link margin threshold value,decrease a hop distance value until the hop distance value does notexceed a hop distance threshold value, determine whether the link marginvalue exceeds a link margin threshold value, in response to determiningthat the link margin value does not exceed the link margin thresholdvalue, reduce a transmission power value associated with the trainconsist, and determine whether the transmission power value is greaterthan a minimum output value.

The system may in response to determining that the transmission powervalue is greater than the minimum output value, determine whether thelink margin value exceeds the link margin threshold value, in responseto determining that the link margin value does not exceed the linkmargin threshold value, further reduce the transmission power valueassociated with the train consist, and determine whether the furtherreduced transmission power value is greater than a minimum output value.

The system may determine that the train consist is no longerexperiencing inter-symbol interference, and restore the transmissionpower value to a value in effect prior to encountering the inter-symbolinterference.

In some embodiments, the potential adverse condition may be noiseinterference. The system may receive a link margin value associated withthe train consist, determine whether the link margin value exceeds alink margin threshold value, and in response to determining that thelink margin value does not exceed the link margin threshold valueincrease a transmission power value associated with the train consist,and determine whether the transmission power value is less than themaximum output value.

The system may in response to determining that the transmission powervalue is less than the maximum output value, determine whether the linkmargin value exceeds the link margin threshold value, in response todetermining that the link margin value does not exceed the link marginthreshold value, further increase the transmission power valueassociated with the train consist, and determine whether the furtherincreased transmission power value is greater than the maximum outputvalue.

The system may determine that the train consist is no longerexperiencing noise interference, and restore the transmission powervalue to a value in effect prior to encountering the noise interference.

In various embodiments, a system for dynamically adjusting aconfiguration of an intra-train communication network includes anelectronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Thecomputer-readable storage medium includes one or more programminginstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to receiveone or more parameters values associated with a train consist, determinewhether the train consist is no longer experiencing a potentiallyadverse condition that affected intra-train communication for the trainconsist based on at least a portion of the received parameters, and inresponse to determining that the train consist is no longer experiencingthe potentially adverse condition, identifying one or more networkparameter settings that were updated while the train consist wasexperiencing the potentially adverse condition in order to maintainintra-train communication of the train consist during the potentiallyadverse condition, and restoring the one or more network parametersettings to values that were in existence prior to the train consistexperiencing the potentially adverse condition.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example autonomous intra-train communicationnetwork system settings.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example train consist

FIG. 3 illustrates examples of various types of networks.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example communication system according to anembodiment.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating example communication hopsacross a train consist.

FIG. 6 illustrates example intra-train communication network settings asa train consist progresses through various potentially adverseconditions which may affect intra-train communication.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example process applying an intra-traincommunication machine learning model.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow chart of an example method of updating amachine-learning model for one or more train consists.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example implementation for processing tight turns.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example implementation for processing vibration.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example implementation for processingenvironmental interference.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example implementation for processing multi-pathscenarios caused by inter-symbol interference.

FIG. 13 illustrates an example implementation for processing multi-pathscenarios caused by noise interference.

FIGS. 14A-14C illustrate various configurations of an intra-traincommunication network.

FIG. 15 illustrates a block diagram of hardware that may be used tocontain or implement program instructions.

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a discovery process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following terms shall have, for purposes of this application, therespective meanings set forth below:

An “electronic device” or a “computing device” refers to a device thatincludes a processor and memory. Each device may have its own processorand/or memory, or the processor and/or memory may be shared with otherdevices as in a virtual machine or container arrangement. The memory maycontain or receive programming instructions that, when executed by theprocessor, cause the electronic device to perform one or more operationsaccording to the programming instructions. Examples of electronicdevices include personal computers, servers, mainframes, virtualmachines, containers, gaming systems, televisions, and mobile electronicdevices such as smartphones, personal digital assistants, cameras,tablet computers, laptop computers, media players and the like. In aclient-server arrangement, the client device and the server are eachelectronic devices, in which the server contains instructions and/ordata that the client device accesses via one or more communicationslinks in one or more communications networks. In a virtual machinearrangement, a server may be an electronic device, and each virtualmachine or container may also be considered to be an electronic device.In the discussion below, a client device, server device, virtual machineor container may be referred to simply as a “device” for brevity.

The terms “processor” and “processing device” refer to a hardwarecomponent of an electronic device that is configured to executeprogramming instructions. Except where specifically stated otherwise,the singular term “processor” or “processing device” is intended toinclude both single-processing device embodiments and embodiments inwhich multiple processing devices together or collectively perform aprocess.

The terms “memory,” “memory device,” “data store,” “data storagefacility” and the like each refer to a non-transitory device on whichcomputer-readable data, programming instructions or both are stored.Except where specifically stated otherwise, the terms “memory,” “memorydevice,” “data store,” “data storage facility” and the like are intendedto include single device embodiments, embodiments in which multiplememory devices together or collectively store a set of data orinstructions, as well as individual sectors within such devices.

The ITC network system described in this disclosure may sense, predictand/or adapt to on-coming communication impairment situations. Forexample, referring to FIG. 1 , an autonomous ITC network systemoperating with performance criteria X in the environment of region A maybe able to sense the on-coming of environment region B and relaxperformance criteria from X to Y in anticipation of on-comingenvironment change to maintain the network connection integrity, ratherthan remain at criteria X and have the network collapse when theenvironment changes.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example train consist according to an embodiment.A train consist refers to a connected group of one or more railcars andlocomotives. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 2 , a train consist 209may include a locomotive 208 and one or more railcars 203. Thelocomotive 208 may include a powered wireless gateway 202. One or moreof the railcars 203 may include one or more wireless sensor nodes (WSNs)204 and/or a communication management unit (CMU) 201, as described inmore detail below.

A WSN 204 may be located on a railcar 203. A WSN 204 may have aself-contained, protective housing, and may include one or more sensors,a power source and communication circuitry which allows the WSN tocommunicate with one or more other devices such as, for example, CMUs201, a gateway 202, a remote processing device, a railroad operationscenter and/or the like. A WSN 204 may also include an intelligentcapability to analyze the data collected from the sensors and todetermine if the data needs to be transmitted immediately, held forlater transmission, or aggregated into an event or alert. A WSN 204 maybe used for sensing a parameter to be monitored (e.g. temperature ofbearings or ambient air) or status (e.g., position of a hatch or handbrake). A WSN 204 may form part of a wireless communication network asdescribed in more detail below. In some embodiments, a WSN 204 mayinclude an accelerometer or other motion sensors, and/or one or moresensors to sense or measure vibrations, acceleration, centrifugal force,geography, or link margin data. A WSN 204 may include a humidity sensor,a magnetometer, a barometric pressure sensor, an atmospheric sensorand/or other sensors.

Example train and/or rail communication and sensor systems are disclosedin, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 7,688,218, issued Mar. 30, 2010, U.S.Pat. No. 9,026,281, issued May 5, 2015, U.S. Pat. No. 9,365,223, issuedJun. 14, 2016, PCT Publication WO 2015/081278, published Jun. 4, 2015,PCT Publication WO 2015/100425, published Feb. 7, 2015, and PCTPublication WO 2016/191711 published Dec. 1, 2016, U.S. Pat. No.8,212,685, issued Jul. 3, 2012, U.S. Pat. No. 8,823,537, issued Sep. 2,2014, U.S. Pat. No. 9,663,124, issued May 30, 2017, U.S. Pat. No.7,698,962, issued Apr. 20, 2010, U.S. Pat. No. 9,026,281, issued May 5,2015, U.S. Pat. No. 9,663,092, issued May 30, 2017, U.S. Pat. No.9,365,223, issued Jun. 14, 2016, U.S. Pat. No. 9,981,673, issued May 29,2018, and U.S. Pat. No. 10,137,915, issued Nov. 27, 2018, the fulldisclosures of each of these references are incorporated herein byreference in its entirety.

All WSNs 204 on a single railcar 203 may be in communication with acommunication management unit 201, a PWG 202, a remote processingdevice, a remote railroad operations center and/or the like. Examples ofWSNs 204 are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,365,223, the disclosure ofwhich is hereby incorporated by reference herein.

A CMU 201 may be located on a railcar 203. A CMU 201 hardware mayinclude a processor, a power source (e.g. a battery, solar cell orinternal power-generating capability), and/or a global navigationsatellite system (“GNSS”) device which may be used to determinelocation, direction and/or speed of a railcar 203. Example GNSS devicesinclude, without limitation, a global positioning system (“GPS”)receiver, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and/or the like. The CMU 201 hardwaremay include Wi-Fi, satellite, and/or cellular capability, a wirelesscommunications capability (e.g., the presence of a communication networkand/or signal strength), a compass, and, optionally, one or moresensors, including, but not limited to, a motion sensor, an impactdetection sensor, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, or temperature sensor.A CMU 201 may support one or more WSNs 204 using open standardprotocols, such as the IEEE 2.4 GHz 802.15.4 radio standard.

In various embodiments, a CMU may include a magnetometer to associaterailcar orientation with set and measured train consist parametrics. Themagnetometer may have the north and south polarity points aligned withthe coupler ends of each railcar during device installation. This is toassist with train consist configuration during yard management as somerail cars have ingress/egress points for the transported asset on onlyone side or in one vehicle area, making alignment critical forsequential train consist loading and unloading, assembly and disassemblyactivities in a rail yard.

CMUs 201 may communicate wirelessly with a PWG 202, or may be configuredto communicate through a wired connection, for example, through the ECP(electronically controlled pneumatic) brake system. In variousembodiments, a CMU 201 may communicate with a remote processing deviceor a remote railroad operations center. A CMU 201 may include a globalnavigation satellite system (GNSS) device which may be used to determinelocation, direction and/or speed of a railcar 203. Types of GNSSreceivers include, without limitation, GPS sensors, GLONASS, Galileo,BeiDou, and/or the like.

A CMU 201 may be capable of receiving data and/or notifications (e.g.,alerts or alarms) from one or more WSNs 204 and is capable of drawinginferences from this data or notifications regarding the performance ofrailcar 203, and of transmitting data and notification information to aremote receiver, remote processing device and/or remote railroadoperations center. A CMU 201 may be a single unit that would serve as acommunications link to other locations, such as a mobile base station(e.g., the locomotive 208), a land-based base station, etc., and havethe capability of processing the data received.

A PWG 202 may be located on a locomotive 208 or deployed remotely from atrain consist or in a railyard. A PWG may include a processor, a GNSSdevice, a communication device such as, for example, a satellite and orcellular communication system, local wireless transceiver (e.g. WiFi),an Ethernet port, a high capacity mesh network manager or other means ofcommunication, and/or a gyroscope. The PWG 202 may have power suppliedby the locomotive 208, if located on a powered asset, such as alocomotive, or will derive its power from another source, for example,from a solar power generator or from a high-capacity battery.

In various embodiments, one or more networks may be used to facilitatecommunication within a train consist, or between a train consist and aremote device, system or location. It is understood that any suitabletype of network may be used within the scope of this disclosure,including, without limitation, those described below in reference toFIGS. 14A-14C. FIG. 3 illustrates examples of various types of networksaccording to various embodiments.

In an embodiment, a railcar-based network 302 may include a CMU 201installed on a railcar 203 and one or more WSNs 204 installed on thesame railcar. All WSNs 204 on a single railcar 203 may form arailcar-based network 302 that is controlled by a CMU 201. A CMU 201 maysupport one or more WSNs 204 in a network configuration using openstandard protocols, such as the IEEE 2.4 GHz 802.15.4 radio standard.

Additionally, a CMU 201 may also be a member of a train-based network300, which may include the CMUs 201 from all enabled railcars 203 in thetrain consist 209, controlled by a PWG 202, typically located on alocomotive 208 or is a member of a rail yard-based network, controlledby one or more powered wireless gateways dispersed throughout the railyard.

A CMU 201 may support at least the following four functions: 1) tomanage a low-power railcar-based network 302 overlaid on a railcar 203;2) to consolidate data from one or more WSNs 204 in the railcar-basednetwork 302 and to apply logic to the data gathered to generate warningalerts to a host such as a locomotive 208 or remote railroad operationscenter; 3) to support built-in sensors, such as an accelerometer, withinthe CMU 201 to monitor specific attributes of the railcar 203 such aslocation, speed, accelerations and more; and 4) to supportbi-directional communication upstream to the host or control point, suchas a locomotive 208 and/or an off-train monitoring and remote railroadoperations center, and downstream to one or more WSNs 204, located onthe railcar. CMUs 201 may communicate wirelessly to the PWG 202 in anetwork configuration, or may be configured to communicate through awired connection, for example, through the ECP (electronicallycontrolled pneumatic) brake system. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that GPS is just one form of a global navigation satellitesystem (GNSS). Other types of GNSS include GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDouwith others in development. Accordingly, although GPS is used in theembodiments described herein, any type of GNSS system or devices may beused.

A PWG 202 may control a train-based network 300 overlaid on a trainconsist 209, consisting of multiple CMUs 201 from each railcar 203 in atrain consist 209, isolated CMUs 201 that are not part of a trainconsist, or a rail yard-based network overlaid on a rail yard,consisting of land-based PWGs and CMUs from individual railcars notcurrently associated with a train consist 209.

In an embodiment, a train-based network 300 is overlaid on a trainconsist 209 and is comprised of a PWG 202 installed on a host or controlpoint such as a locomotive 208, or on another asset with access to apower source, and one or more CMUs 201, each belonging to thetrain-based network 300 and to their respective railcar-based networks302, if one or more WSNs 204 are present, or respective railcar-basednetworks 302 for railcars with a CMU 201 but no WSNs. Thus, here, CMUs201 can belong to two networks, railcar-based network 302 (if railcar203 is fitted with one or more WSNs 204) and train-based network 300.Each CMU 201 is also optionally managing its respective railcar-basednetwork 302. The railcar-based network 302 is continually monitored bythe CMU 201 and is optimized for the ever changing wireless environmentthat a moving railcar 203 experiences. Train-based network 300 uses anoverlay network to support low-power bi-directional communicationthroughout train consist 209 and with PWG 202 installed on locomotive208 or distributed on a railcar in a train consist. The overlaid network300 is composed of wireless transceivers embedded in the CMU 201 on eachrailcar 203. Each CMU 201 is capable of initiating a message on thetrain-based network 300 or relaying a message from or to another CMU 201or from a WSN 204. The overlay train-based network 300 is createdindependently of, and operates independently of the railcar-basednetworks 302 created by each railcar 203 in the train consist 209.

A bi-directional PWG 202 manages the train-based network 300 andcommunicates notifications or events (e.g., alerts or alarms) from theCMUs 201 and/or WSN 204 installed on individual railcars 203 to the hostor control point, such as the locomotive 208, where the notificationsmay be acted upon via human intervention, or an automated system.Locomotive 208 may include a user interface for receiving and displayingnotification messages generated by the train-based network 300.Bi-directional PWG 202 is capable of receiving multiple alerts, eventsor raw data from WSNs 204 through CMUs 201 on individual railcars 203and can draw inferences about specific aspects of the performance oftrain consist 209.

In an embodiment, a distributed complex event processing (DCEP) enginemay be used. A DCEP engine refers to a hierarchical system forcollecting and analyzing data and for communicating data and/ornotifications to a final destination where they can be acted upon. TheDCEP engine may be responsible for implementing the intelligence used todraw conclusions based on the data collected from WSNs 204, CMUs 201and/or PWGs 202. The DCEP engine may be distributed among all or aportion of the WSNs 204, CMUs 201 and the PWG 202 on the locomotive 208,as well as utilizing a cloud-based infrastructure optimized to workclosely with train-based networks, in conjunction with a variety of datastreams from third-party providers or external sources.

If an alert or event condition is detected by a WSN or other sensor,such as when broken track or rough/choppy track is encountered, asdescribed in more detail below, the WSN 204 may forward a message to theCMU 201 within its network for further analysis and action. For example,to confirm or coordinate alert or event conditions reported by one WSN204 with other WSNs 204 in the railcar based network. If an eventrequiring notification is confirmed by CMU 201, a notification of theevent may be sent to the PWG 202 installed on an asset such as thelocomotive 208, and/or off train to a remote processing center and/orremote railroad operations center.

The bi-directional PWG 202 may be capable of exchanging information withan external remote railroad operations center, data system or othertrain management systems. This communication network, such as thenetwork 400 shown in FIG. 4 , may include cellular, LAN, Wi-Fi,Bluetooth, satellite, or other means of communications. This link may beused to send notifications of events and alarms off-train when the trainconsist is in operation. This link may also be used to send instructionsand information from the remote railroad operations center or other offtrain source to the individual railcar CMU 201, such as updated geofencecoordinates to be used by the CMUs 201 when determining if a dischargegate related event has occurred.

A notification may provide information for inter alia, operations andsecurity. The notification may include location of the event, time ofthe event, status of the event, duration of the event and alerts.

The term notification may include any information such as alarms,alerts, event details, and data communicated by the CMU 201, WSN 204and/or PWG 202 for the purpose of notifying persons or other systems ofthe information. The notification event may be communicated immediatelyor at some future time depending on the urgency and/or criticalness ofthe event.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example rail yard communication system accordingto an embodiment. As illustrated by FIG. 4 , a PWG may be incommunication with one or more remote processing devices 402 forexample, one or more servers, via a communication network 400. In anembodiment, a PWG may be in communication with a remote railroadoperations center 404 via a communication network 400. A communicationnetwork 400 may include, without limitation, cellular, LAN, Wi-Fi,Bluetooth, satellite, or other means of communications. Although FIG. 4illustrates communication between a PWG and one or more remoteprocessing devices 402 and/or a remote railroad operations center 404,one or more CMUs and/or WSNs may communicate directly with one or moreremote processing devices 402 and/or a remote operations center 404 viaone or more communication networks.

In an embodiment, a remote processing device may maintain a machinelearning model that it may use to predict one or more networkadjustments, as discussed in more detail below. An on-board system maymeasure stimuli that either affects communication integrity or exceedsone or more specified threshold values, and may report one or moredetected occurrences to a machine learning model for consideration. Themachine learning model may, in turn, perform one or more of descriptiveanalytics (e.g., “what has happened?”), predictive analytics (e.g.,“what could happen?”) and/or prescriptive analytics (“what should wedo?”).

FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate an example ITC network system according tovarious embodiments. As illustrated in these figures, a train-basednetwork 507 may use a wireless network to provide bi-directionalcommunication from one or more railcars 503 in a train consist 509 to ahost or control point, such as, for example a locomotive 508.

A PWG 502 may be utilized to manage the network 507 and to communicateinformation, such as notifications, alarms, or alerts, from individualrailcars 503 to the locomotive engineer or an off-train managementsystems. The PWG 502 may be configured to receive information fromdifferent railcars 503, and making an inference about performance of thetrain consist 509. For instance, a PWG may make certain determinationsabout accelerations, decelerations, impacts and alarm or alerttransmissions when a train is in motion.

A CMU 501 on a railcar 503 may be capable of being a wireless node inthe train-based network 507 and may be capable of sending messages to alocomotive 508 host or control point. For example, a CMU 501 may storedata or information that it may send to a remote processing devicethrough a communications network. A CMU 501 may be capable of usingbuilt-in sensors and/or managing a WSN 504 network on the railcar 503 togenerate messages to be sent to locomotive 508 host or control point.

In an embodiment, a train or railcar network may begin to form when anetwork manager (e.g., a PWG for a train network, a CMU for a railcarnetwork) begins sending “advertisements” or packets that containinformation that enables a device to synchronize to the network andrequest to join. This message exchange is part of the security handshakethat establishes encrypted communications between the manager and mote(e.g, a CMU for a train network, or a WSN for a railcar network). Thenetwork manager may set the number of desired parents for each moteensuring the existence of redundant communication paths. An ongoingdiscovery process ensures that the network continually discovers newpaths as the radio conditions change. As segments of the communicationpath become unavailable (e.g., due to climate, environment, malfunction,etc), the network is able to re-optimize and heal itself by employingthe redundant and/or newly discovered radio paths.

FIG. 6 illustrates example ITC network settings as a train consistprogresses through various potentially adverse conditions which mayaffect ITC. As described throughout this disclosure, potentially adverseconditions may include, without limitation, tight turns, broken track,rough track, track subsidence, weather-related events which mayinterfere with network communication (e.g., atmospheric interference),inter-symbol interference, noise interference, and/or the like.

Acceleration forces resulting from adverse conditions, such as tightturns or rough track, may affect railcars in a train consist differentlydepending on the load profile of the railcar or the type of railcar.Further, the same forces may cause the ITC network to experienceinterruptions due to loss of line-of-sight, or network dropouts due tosudden peak vibration. FIG. 6 illustrates example adverse conditions,including, without limitation, vibration caused by rough/broken track601, atmospheric interference and/or signal absorption 602, loss ofline-of-sight (“LOS”) due to tight turns or obstruction 603, multipathissues related to tunnel/canyon/urban environments 604, electromagneticinterference 605, and the like. In an example implementation, adaptivenetwork settings 606 may be adapted and propagated using signals 607throughout the consist 600 to compensate for these conditions.

Various sensors may collect data about environmental conditions that areexperienced by a train consist, and this data may be analyzed todynamically adjust a configuration of an ITC network by generating andimplementing updated adaptive network settings, for example, adaptivenetwork settings 606 of FIG. 6 . A machine learning model may beutilized for this purpose.

In various embodiments, a machine learning model may employ descriptiveanalytics. For instance, a machine learning model may use dataaggregation and data mining to provide insight and develop learningalgorithms and assess forecast techniques. A machine learning model mayemploy predictive analytics, which may use statistical models, learningalgorithms and/or forecast techniques to provide insights about thelikelihood of a future outcome. In an embodiment, a machine learningmodel may employ prescriptive analytics, which may use optimization andsimulation algorithms to quantify the effect of future decisions inorder to advise on possible outcomes before the decisions are actuallymade.

A machine learning model may, for example, associate drops in linkmargin with track geography and centrifugal data. A machine learningmodel may implement one or more algorithms to associate various types ofdata, for example, centrifugal force and geographic data. For example,one or more algorithms may be used to associate body mount accelerationdata with full, partially empty loaded railcars with track geography andcentrifugal data, and/or associate body mount acceleration data withtrack geography and centrifugal data.

In various embodiments, one or more machine learning models may be usedto adjust train consist ITC network parameter settings (e.g. hopdistance, RSSI or Link Margin threshold LM_(th), parent/child settings)to maintain communication system integrity through the adverseenvironmental conditions, as described in more detail below. Networkparameter settings may traverse through the train consist in a methodanalogous to the way mechanical compression and expansion transversethrough a slinky.

In an embodiment, a processing device (e.g., a CMU), may aggregateinformation, such as parameters or settings, from one or more trainconsists and use this information to train a machine-learning model. Inthis way, the processing device may better predict optimized settingsfor a train consist that experiences one or more adverse conditions inorder to better preserve network integrity connectivity. For example, aprocessing device may aggregate information from multiple train consiststhat travel the same route, or a portion of the same route, and use thisinformation to better train one or more models.

In an embodiment, a machine-learning model may use historical sensordata, external information, and/or historical network data to make oneor more determinations, as discussed throughout this disclosure.Historical sensor data may refer to information that was measured orobtained by a railcar and/or train consist from a historical trip.Examples of historical sensor data include, without limitation,information measured or obtained from one or more sensors (e.g.,accelerometer, gyroscope, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, etc.),environmental condition information, various threshold levels, and/orthe like.

External information refers to data received from sources external to atrain consist such as, for example, data feeds or other informationpertaining to track route information, track mapping information, carlocation messages (CLM), terrain information, weather reports and/or thelike. In an embodiment, external information may be acquired through oneor more data feeds from sources that, while potentially dynamic innature, are not dependent on environmental conditions surrounding atrain consist.

Historical network data may include, for example, one or more networkparameter values from one or more historical trips of one or more trainconsists. Examples of historical network data may include, withoutlimitation, hop distance values, link margin values, power transmissionvalues and/or the like. In various embodiments, at least a portion ofhistorical sensor data and historical network data may be stored by adata store of a train consist, such as, for example, one present on aPWG. Additionally and/or alternatively, this information may be storedby a remote processing device in communication with a train consist.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example process applying an ITC machine learningmodel according to an embodiment. As illustrated by FIG. 7 , historicaldata 702, external information 704, and historical network data 706 maybe processed by one or more continuous learning routines 710 of a model.Continuous learning routines 710 may be, for example: dimensionalityreduction, ensemble learning, meta learning, enforcement learning,supervised learning (e.g., Bayesian, decision tree algorithms, linearclassifier), unsupervised learning (e.g., artificial neural networks,association rule learning, hierarchical clustering, cluster analysis,anomaly detection), semi-supervised learning, deep learning, and/or thelike.

Pattern recognition 708 may be performed on the data to identifyrepeating patterns in the data. For example, historical sensor data andexternal information may show that at a particular point in a route, orat a particular set of GNSS coordinates, a particular type ofelectromagnetic interference is observed or a repeated vibration causedby a rough track is observed. By referencing historical networkparameter settings 706, the continuous learning process maysystematically determine the optimum network parameter settings andproactively apply those settings as the particular point is approached.In another example, a new building may be erected near a bend of a traintrack in an urban location. The corresponding signal obstruction isobserved in historical data 702 and the continuous learning algorithmmay systematically and methodically revise the network parametersettings to locate the optimum settings.

This information, after pattern recognition processing 708, may becombined with existing network parameter settings 712 and real timesensor data 714 and predictive modeling 716 may be performed. Real-timesensor data may be data that is dependent on the location and/orenvironmental conditions surrounding a train consist, such as, forexample, temperature, humidity, acceleration, weather reports andcurrent location. Predictive modeling 716 may take the real time sensorinformation 714 and compare it to patterns that have been previouslyexperienced by the train consist (or other train consists) and analyzedby continuous learning routines 710. Predictive modeling 716 may thenadjust the existing network parameter settings 712 to generate newadapted network parameter settings 720. Sensor data may be collected 718and historical sensor data 702 may be updated. Network settings may becollected 722 and historical network parameter settings 706 may beupdated.

In an embodiment, a machine-learning model may include a historical datastore. A historical data store may be a database, table or other datastructure that may store information about one or more journeys made byone or more train consists and/or railcars of a train consist in thepast. Such information may include measurements obtained during thejourney at certain points in time such as, for example, centrifugalforce, acceleration, vibrations, temperature, humidity, and/or the like.Such information may include geographical location information atcertain points in time such as coordinates or other position or locationinformation. It is understood that additional or alternate informationmay be maintained by a historical data store according to thisdisclosure. In an embodiment, a historical data store may be continuallyupdated as it receives data.

A machine-learning model may be maintained by a processing device thatis remote from a train consist such as, for example, a remote server ora cloud-based server in communication with one or more train consists.In this way, the processing device may compile and aggregate data andinformation across a fleet of rail vehicles. A local copy of amachine-learning model may be stored by one or more train consists. Forexample, a PWG of a train consist may store a local copy of amachine-learning model. As such, a PWG may perform certaindeterminations when the train consist is not in communication with aremote processing device.

In various embodiments, a remote processing device may send one or moreupdates or updated machine-learning models to one or more trainconsists. For example, if a train consist has been out of communicationwith a remote processing device for a period of time, the remoteprocessing device may determine whether the local copy of amachine-learning model stored by the train consist is up-to-date or ifany updates were made to the model while the train consist was out oftouch. If the processing device determines that one or more updates weremade, it may send those updates (or the updated model) to the trainconsist when the train consist is in communication with the remoteprocessing device so that the train consist can replace its currentversion of the model with the updated model.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow chart of an example method of updating amachine-learning model for one or more train consists according to anembodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 8 , one or more train consists maylog 800 one or more parameters.

A train consist may store 802 the parameters it logs in a local datastore, such as, for example, a data store of a PWG. A train consist maysend 804 at least a portion of the stored parameters to a remoteprocessing device. A train consist may send 804 parameters to a remoteprocessing device at regular intervals or periodically. Alternatively, atrain consist may send 804 parameters to a cloud-based server uponrequest. The cloud-based server may receive 806 the parameters from thetrain consist, and store 808 the parameters in a data store associatedwith the cloud-based server.

In various embodiments, the cloud-based server may receive parametersfrom a number of different train consists with which it communicates.The cloud-based server may compile and store these parameters to providea more comprehensive data set across consists. The cloud-based servermay use the received parameters to update or train one or moremachine-learning models maintained by the cloud-based server. In variousembodiments, a machine learning method may be trained from decisiontrees, support-vector machines, neural networks, logistic regression, orany other supervised, unsupervised and/or reinforcement machine learningmethod (or combination thereof), or other techniques as a person ofskill in the art will understand, such as those discussed above or othersimilar processes and algorithms from machine learning.

The present disclosure describes systems and methods of monitoring andadapting the performance of an ITC network to account for variouspotentially adverse conditions that a train may encounter during travel.A potentially adverse condition refers to a condition or situation thatmay affect the quality of ITC of a train consist. Examples of suchpotentially adverse conditions include, without limitation, tight turns,rough track, broken track, track subsidence, environmental interferencesuch as weather-related events (e.g., humidity, rain, atmosphericconditions, temperature, moisture, etc.), inter-symbol interference,noise interference, and/or the like.

Various parameters may be measured by various sensors of a train consistas the train consist navigates a route. These parameter values (or aportion thereof) may be used, along with one or more historicalparameter values to determine whether a potentially adverse conditionmay occur. Historical parameter values may be ones associated with aprevious trip or navigation of at least a portion of the same route,either by the same train consist or by one or more other consists. If apotentially adverse condition is detected, one or more updated networkparameter settings may be identified which may assist in maintaining ITCof the train consist during an occurrence of the detected or anticipatedpotentially adverse condition. In various embodiments, one or moreupdated network parameters may be determined using one or more machinelearning models, as discussed in more detail below. One or more of theupdated network parameter settings may be implemented.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example implementation for processing tight turnsaccording to an embodiment. As illustrated by FIG. 9 , a train consist(e.g., a gyroscope of a train consist) may measure 900 a centrifugalforce value (F), an angular acceleration value (ω), and/or a timeduration value (t) associated with F and/or ω. A centrifugal force valueand/or an angular acceleration value may represent those values at aparticular point in time. A time duration value may represent a totalduration a measurement.

A train consist may access 902 one or more threshold values according toan embodiment. In an embodiment, a data store, such as a data storeassociated with the train consist, may store one or more thresholdvalues for various parameters, measurement variables and/or networkmetrics associated with the train consist. For example, threshold valuesassociated with a threshold centrifugal force (F_(th)), a thresholdangular acceleration (□_(th)), a threshold time duration (t_(th)), athreshold link margin (LM_(th)), and a threshold hop distance (HD_(th))may be stored.

Link margin refers to the difference between a receiver's sensitivityand a minimum expected received power of a signal, or the amount ofsignal that can be attenuated before the receiver will fail to receivethe signal. Hop distance refers to the distance in a network between twocommunicating nodes. Decreasing hop distance effectively meansconnecting to nodes that are closer, and which have a correspondinglyhigher signal strength. In various embodiments, a PWG may be able toascertain a current hop depth from a communication received from arailcar. For instance, a PWG may be able to use information from thereceived message to determine how many hops the message made to reachthe PWG. In an embodiment, a PWG may use the individual mote-to-motepath link margin calculations to maximize associated mote-to-mote hopdistances (HD) and extend the train network to cover the length of thetrain consist in a minimal number of radio hops.

A mote refers to a device that is capable of performing data processingand/or collecting sensory information. In an embodiment, a mote mayprovide wireless communication functionality for one or more devices totransmit sensor or other data. For example, a mote may provide wirelesscommunication functionality for a WSN for a railcar network or a CMU fora train network. A network may include self-forming multi-hop motes,which may collect and relay data, and a network manager that monitorsand manages network performance and/or security and exchanges data witha host application. In a train network, a network manager may be a PWG.In a railcar network, a CMU may be a network manager.

In a wireless communication system, a link margin (LM) refers to thedifference between the receiver's sensitivity and the expected minimumreceived power. For example, a receiver's sensitivity may be thereceived power at which the receiver will stop working or effectivelystop working. As an example, a 10 dB link margin may indicate that thesystem could tolerate an additional 10 dB of attenuation between thetransmitter and the receiver, and it would still just barely work.

Link margin may be described by the following:

LM=P _(RX) −S _(RX)

where:

-   -   LM=Link Margin (dB)    -   P_(RX)=received power (dBm)    -   S_(RX)=receiver sensitivity threshold (set value defined by        hardware design) (dBm)    -   LM>LM_(th) (set value defined by system analysis, e.g. 10 dB)        such that:

P _(RX) =P _(TX) +G _(TX) +L _(TX) −L _(FS) −L _(misc) +G _(RX) −L _(RX)

where:

-   -   P_(RX)=received power (dBm)    -   P_(TX)=transmitter output power (dBm)    -   G_(RX)=transmitter antenna gain (dBi)    -   L_(TX)=transmitter losses (traces, coax, connectors . . . ) (dB)    -   L_(FS)==free space loss (dB)    -   L_(misc)=miscellaneous losses (fading margin, body loss,        polarization mismatch, other losses . . . ) (dB)    -   G_(RX)=receiver antenna gain (dBi)    -   L_(RX)=receiver losses (traces, coax, connectors . . . ) (dB)

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 902 one or more thresholdvalues by retrieving them from the data store.

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 904 track routeinformation. Track route information may include known information abouta train consist's anticipated route such as information pertaining toknown adverse conditions, historical travel information by this trainconsist or other train consists across the same route and/or the like.In various embodiments, track route information may be stored by a datastore of a train consist. At least a portion of the track routeinformation may be downloaded to the data store from a remote processingdevice before departure.

At least a portion of the measured parameters, the threshold valuesand/or the track route information may be provided 906 to amachine-learning model for analysis. As discussed above, themachine-learning model may be stored locally by the train consist.Alternatively, the machine-learning model may be stored remotely from atrain consist. In the case of the latter, the train consist may send atleast a portion of the measured parameters to a remote processingdevice.

The machine-learning model may analyze at least a portion of theprovided information to determine 908 if one or more changes haveoccurred. For example, a machine-learning model may determine whetherone or more measured values exceed a threshold value or a thresholdrange for a certain period of time. As another example, amachine-learning model may determine whether one or more measured valuesare below a threshold value or a threshold range for a certain period oftime. For example, the period of time may be a threshold valueassociated with the time duration for a variable.

If the increases in F and/or ω exceeds the time duration threshold(t_(th)), then changes to one or more parameters are needed in the ITCin order to maintain communication through the turn. Alternatively, adecrease in F and/or ω over a period of time after one or more suchvalues has exceeded a threshold value may indicate that a train consistis in the process of clearing a tight turn.

For example, an on-board gyroscope may measure acceleration stimulusthat is symptomatic with a sharp extended turn scenario. Recognizingthat this situation may result in a curtailment of the line-of-sightgeometry and may adversely affect radio signal integrity, the machinelearning model may attempt to answer “what has happened?” (descriptiveanalytics), “what could happen?” (predictive analytics”, and/or “whatshould we do?” (prescriptive analytics).

If the machine-learning model determines 908 that one or more changeshave not occurred, then the process 900-908 may repeat for one or morenew measurement values as illustrated by FIG. 9 . If themachine-learning model determines 908 that one or more changes haveoccurred, then the machine-learning model may adjust a hop distancevalue and/or a parent/child relationship value of the train consist.

In both the train and railcar networks, every device (child) has one ormore other devices (parents) that provide one or more redundant paths toovercome communications interruption due to interference, physicalobstruction, multi-path fading and/or the like. If a packet transmissionfails on one path, the next re-transmission may try on a different pathand different radio channel.

As described above, a network begins to form when the network manager(e.g., a PWG for a train network, a CMU for a railcar network) beginssending “advertisements” or packets that contain information thatenables a device to synchronize to the network and request to join. Thismessage exchange is part of the security handshake that establishesencrypted communications between the manager and mote (e.g., a CMU for atrain network, a WSN for a railcar network). The manager may set thenumber of desired parents for each mote. Once motes have joined thenetwork, an ongoing discovery process ensures that the networkcontinually discovers new paths as the radio conditions change. Duringeach discovery interval, a single mote may transmit, and all others maylisten. Motes communicate this neighbor discovery information to themanager through a periodic health report, which gives the manager astream of potential path information to use in optimization and networkhealing. In addition, each mote in the network may track performancestatistics (e.g. quality of used paths, and lists of potential paths)and periodically send that information to the network manager in packetscalled health reports. The manager uses health reports to continuallyoptimize the network.

During the discovery process after network formation, the train networkcontinually discovers new mote (e.g., CMU) paths for radio communicationalong the train consist. Motes communicate this neighbor discoveryinformation to the train network manager through a periodic healthreport, which may give the manager a stream of potential pathinformation to use in optimization and network healing. In the case whena particular CMU becomes non-responsive, the train network system may beable to detect the situation and re-route the WSNs associated with thenon-responsive CMU to a neighboring CMU (as determined during thenetwork formation process).

FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a discovery process according to anembodiment. As illustrated by FIG. 16 , a PWG 1600 on a locomotive 1602may establish an optimized radio path relationship for one or more ofthe CMU motes on the railcar consist 1604.

By way of example CMU 1606 (mote in train network) on railcar C 1608 maybecome unresponsive. As such, the WSNs 1610 on railcar C 1608 may become“orphaned” in that they have no communication path with the rest of thedevices on the train consist.

The PWG 1600, which may be the manager for train network, may identifythe nearest neighbors to railcar C (e.g. B & D) that were associatedduring network formation. For example, a data store 1612 accessible bythe PWG 1600 may store information about one or more neighbors of one ormore railcars which was determined during network formation. The PWG1600 may select a successor CMU of an identified nearest neighbor toestablish connection with and to act as manager for the orphaned WSNs1610 on railcar C 1608. In this example, the PWG 1600 may select the CMU1614 of railcar B 1616 as the successor CMU. The CMU 1614 of railcar B1616 may then send advertising packets to the WSNs 1610 of railcar C,and the WSNs on railcar C may join the network of railcar B.

Referring back to FIG. 9 , a machine-learning model may decrease a hopdistance value 910 and/or reduce 912 a parent/child relationship value.If the decreased hop distance value is greater than a threshold valueassociated with hop distance 914, the machine-learning model may furtherdecrease the hop distance value until it does not exceed the hopdistance threshold value. In various embodiment, a hop distancethreshold value may be part of the threshold values that are stored by adata store associated with the train consist.

If the parent/child relationship value does not exceed a certainthreshold value 916, (e.g., ‘2’), the machine-learning model may furtherreduce the parent/child relationship value until such value exceeds thethreshold value.

Once the decreased hop distance value does not exceed the hop distancethreshold value and/or the parent child relationship value exceeds athreshold value, it may be determined whether 918 a link margin valueassociated with the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value.If a link margin value does not exceed a link margin threshold value,then the machine-learning model may further reduce the parent/childrelationship and/or decrease the hop length value until the link marginvalue exceeds the link margin threshold value. By making theseadjustments, the train consist may be better suited to maintaincommunication between the locomotive and the railcars of the trainconsist while the train consist navigates a tight turn.

In certain embodiments, the system may determine 908 that one or morechanges have occurred which may indicate that the tight turn has beencleared. For instance, referring to FIG. 9 , if a change is detected,the system may determine 920 whether to restore 922 one or more networkparameters. The system may determine 920 to restore 922 one or morenetwork parameters (e.g., parent/child relationship value and/or hopdistance value) in response to determining that a detected change isthat the tight turn has been cleared (e.g., one or more parametersassociated with a tight turn have changed). In response, the system mayrestore 922 one or more network parameters, such as, for example, theparent/child relationship and/or the hop distance to levels consistentwith levels in existence before the tight turn was encountered. Forexample, the system may increase a hop distance value and/or the parentchild relationship value. If the detected change is not indicative thatthe tight turn has been cleared, the process may continue to step 910 asdescribed above.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 9 . A train with 120 railcars may be assembled inrail yard, Y. An ITC network is formed between the locomotive and all120 railcars. The train's route may be on railroad X from Point A toPoint C. Prior to departure, the ITC may download track routeinformation for its route. For instance, the ITC may download thisinformation from one or more remote processing devices.

The hop distance threshold value for the train consist may be 5railcars, and the link margin threshold value may be 10 dB. At the timeof departure, HD>HDth, LM>LMth, and F<Fth. The parent/child relationshipmay be greater than 2 (e.g., 6).

The train may depart rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a200 mile trip to Point C. At Point B, there is a turn of approximately30 degrees in the track that may result loss of ITC.

As the train approaches Point B, the ITC recognizes the approaching turnin the track based upon the track route information that is stored bythe train consist and/or from an increase in F. The train enters theturn at Point B. The gyroscope of the train consist measures an increasein F and/or angular acceleration ω>ω_(th). If the increases in F and/orω exceeds the time duration threshold (t_(th)), then changes to one ormore parameters are needed in the ITC in order to maintain communicationthrough the turn.

If F increases such that it exceeds F_(th) and/or w increases such thatis exceeds ω_(th), such increase(s) indicate(s) the need to make anadjustment to the ITC parameters of HD and/or Parent/Child relationshipin order to ensure communication between the locomotive and railcars isnot lost as the train navigates the turn. For example the ITC maydecrease HD (e.g., from 5 railcars to 4 railcars) and/or decrease theParent/Child relationship (for example from 6 to 4).

The ITC system may compare the current Link Margin (LM) to the LinkMargin threshold (LM_(th)). If LM<LM_(th) then the ITC may make anotheradjustment to one or more of the parameters by decreasing HD (e.g., from4 railcars to 3 railcars) and/or decreasing the Parent/Childrelationship (e.g., from 4 to 3).

After these adjustments are made, the ITC may compare the current LM tothe LM_(th). If LM<LM_(th), then the ITC may adjust the HD andParent/Child relationship parameters again. This process may continueuntil the LM≥LM_(th). The ITC may maintains the settings whereLM≥LM_(th) until the F≤F_(th) (for example F_(th) decreases belowF_(th)) and/or ω≤ω_(th). When F<F_(t)h and/or ω<ω_(th), the ITC may makeadjustments to change the parameters HD and Parent/Child relationship tosettings such that LM>LM_(th).

FIG. 10 illustrates an example implementation for processing vibrationaccording to an embodiments. Vibration may be caused by a variety offactors such as, for example, rough or broken tracks. An accelerometerof a train consist (e.g., one that is part of a PWG, a CMU, and/or aWSN) may measure 1000 an amount of vibration being experienced by thetrain consist or an individual railcar.

In various embodiments, vibration may cause a railcar to exhibitinstability modes such as, for example, roll, yaw, pitch and/or bounce.These instability modes may affect system performance in variety ofways. For example, these modes may cause a flood of sensor messages tobe generated and/or communicated, which may affect radio communication.As another example, these modes may introduce in-circuit noise, whichmay compromise radio integrity. These modes may also cause potentialmechanical damage which may result in marginal electrical connectionsand intermittent radio performance.

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 1002 one or more thresholdvalues according to an embodiment. In an embodiment, a data store, suchas a data store associated with the train consist, may store one or morethreshold values for various parameters, measurement variables and/ornetwork metrics associated with the train consist. In this example, atrain consist may access one or more threshold values associated withpermissible vibration levels for the train consist.

The measured vibration level may be compared 1004 to the accessedvibration threshold value according to an embodiment. If the measuredvibration level does not exceed the vibration threshold value, thesystem may continue to monitor 1000 vibration levels. If the measuredvibration level exceeds the vibration threshold value, the system maystore 1006 one or more current network settings in a data store.

As illustrated in FIG. 10 , the process may continue to a machinelearning model. As discussed above, the machine-learning model may bestored locally by the train consist. Alternatively, the machine-learningmodel may be stored remotely from a train consist. In the case of thelatter, the train consist may send at least a portion of the measuredparameters to a remote processing device.

The machine learning model may access 1008 historical aberration datafrom a data store. Historical aberration data refers to historicalsensor data previously experienced by the current train consist or othertrain consists or railcars. This data may include, without limitation,information pertaining to previously encountered broken track,subsidence, pitch, roll, yaw, bounce and/or the like.

As illustrated by FIG. 10 , the machine learning model may compare 1010at least a portion of the measured vibration data to at least a portionof the historical aberration data and/or track route information.

Track route information may include known information about a trainconsist's anticipated route such as information pertaining to knownadverse conditions, historical travel information by this train consistor other train consists across the same route and/or the like. Invarious embodiments, track route information may be stored by a datastore of a train consist. At least a portion of the track routeinformation may be downloaded to the data store from a remote processingdevice before departure.

For example, a machine-learning model may determine that a correlationexists if the same or similar level of vibration that a railcar or trainconsist is experiencing was measured over the same or similar timeperiod and the same area or location of track by the railcar or consisthistorically, or historically by a different railcar or train consist.For example, if a machine-learning model determines that the amount ofvibration that a railcar is experiencing was also experienced by therailcar at the same location along the route during the railcar'sprevious journey along the route, the machine-learning model maydetermine that a correlation exists. As another example, if amachine-learning model determines that the amount of vibration that arailcar is experiencing was also experienced by a railcar of the lastconsist to travel the route at the same or proximate location, themachine-learning model may determine that a correlation exists.

As another example, a machine-learning model may determine that acorrelation exists if a railcar experiences railcar tilt or roll for acertain period of time at a same area of track. For example, amachine-learning model may determine that a correlation exists if thesame railcar or a different railcar has previously experienced the samelevel of railcar tilt or roll due to vibrations at the same or proximatearea of track.

For example, the comparison may be reveal whether the measured vibrationdata has a signature that matches or is similar to that present in thehistorical aberration data. A signature may refer to one or moreparameters and/or corresponding parameter values. For example, measuredvibration data may include the following parameters: {pitch=X; roll=Y;yaw=Z}. The historical aberration data may include the same or similarsignature (e.g., {pitch=X+/−A; roll=Y+/−B; yaw=Z+/−C}) for a previousjourney of the same route by a different train consist, in which casethe machine learning model may determine that there is a match orsimilarity.

In response to determining that there is a correlation in signatures,the machine learning model may classify 1012 the aberration and mayupdate the historical aberration data store with at least a portion ofthe measured vibration information and classification. A classificationrefers to a type of vibration or cause/source of vibration. Exampleclassifications may include, without limitation, broken track, an areaof track subsidence, an area of choppy or rough track, and/or the like,or a combination of any of the foregoing.

In various embodiments, a machine learning model may use the historicalaberration data to perform the classification. For example, historicalaberration data may include a classification associated with it. Themachine learning system may classify 1012 measured vibration informationby identifying one or more historical events having a similar signatureas the measured vibration data and adopting the same classification asthe identified historical event(s). For instance, referring to theexample above, a machine learning model may identify a historical eventhaving the same signature as the measured vibration data (i.e.,{pitch=X; roll=Y; yaw=Z}) where the historical event was classified asbroken track. The machine learning model may classify 1012 the measuredvibration data as broken track.

In response to determining that there is no correlation in signatures,the machine learning model may perform one or more learning routines1014, pattern recognition 1016 and/or predictive modeling techniques1018 to perform the classification 1012. The machine learning model mayupdate the historical aberration data store with at least a portion ofthe measured vibration information and classification.

The system may send 1020 a system alert to one or more railcars in thetrain consist. The system alert may be a notification that vibrationsmay be experienced by the railcars at the same or similar location alongthe route where the vibration data was originally measured. For example,the PWG may send 1020 a system alert to one or more of the CMUs in thetrain consist.

As illustrated by FIG. 10 , the system may compare 1022 the current linkmargin value to a threshold link margin value. If the link margin valuedoes not exceed the threshold link margin value, the system may reduce1024 the hop distance and may reduce 1026 the parent/child relationshipvalue. If the link margin value exceeds the threshold link margin value,the system may determine 1028 whether to restore 1030 one or more of thenetwork parameters. The system may determine 1028 to restore 1030 one ormore network parameters in response to determining that a level orperiod of vibration has passed (e.g., one or more parameters indicativeof such vibration have changed).

For example, the link margin value exceeding the threshold link marginvalue may indicate that the train consist is no longer experiencing acondition that causes the level of vibration originally measured (e.g.,the train consist has passed the area of rough track). In this case, thesystem may restore 1030 the hop distance and/or the parent childrelationship value to levels consistent with levels in existence beforethe vibration was encountered. For example, the machine-learning modelmay increase the hop distance value and/or increase the parent/childrelationship value to restore them to values consistent with those ineffect before the vibration was encountered.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 10 for a track break situation. A train with 120railcars may be assembled in rail yard Y, and an ITC network is formedbetween the locomotive and all 120 railcars. The train route is on knownrailroad X from Point A to Point C. Hop distance HD>HD_(th) (for exampleHD=5 railcars). Link Margin LM>LM_(th) (for example LM_(th)=10 dBthreshold). Parent/Child relationship >2 (for example 6). Prior todeparture, the ITC downloaded railroad track route information. Forexample, the ITC may have downloaded information related to this trackroute from one or more previous trips from a remote processing device.

The train departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a 200hundred mile trip to Point C. The train approaches Point B on knownrailroad X. At Point B (Latitude/Longitude Z) on known railroad X, theaccelerometer on railcar #1 of the train records a vibration at Point B.Railcar #2 of the train records a vibration at Point B with the samecharacteristics as the vibration profile from railcar #1. Railcar #3 ofthe train records a vibration at Point B, which is compared to thevibration profile from railcar #1 and railcar #2. The ITC determines thevibration profile from railcar #3 has a similar vibration profile asrailcar #1 and railcar #2. Each railcar in the train consist records asimilar vibration profile. This measured data is provided to amachine-learning model, which uses the information to determine thatthere is a break in the track at Point B (Latitude/Longitude Z) becauseevery railcar that passes over the location has recorded a similarvibration profile. The ITC may send an alert or alarm to the PWG and/orto a remote processing device.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 10 for a choppy track situation. A train with 120railcars may be assembled in rail yard Y, and an ITC network is formedbetween the locomotive and all 120 railcars. The train route is on knownrailroad X from Point A to Point C. Hop distance HD>HD_(th) (for exampleHD=5 railcars). Link Margin LM>LM_(th) (for example LM_(th)=10 dBthreshold). Parent/Child relationship >2 (for example 6). Prior todeparture, the ITC downloaded railroad track route information. Forexample, the ITC may have downloaded information related to this trackroute from one or more previous trips from a remote processing device.

The train departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a 200hundred mile trip to Point C. The train is traveling at a speed of 30mph. The accelerometer on each railcar detects a vibration above athreshold value at a geographic location with a duration of, forexample, ten seconds. Every railcar in the train registers a vibrationabove this threshold value with a same duration in the same geographiclocation over the same distance. This data is provided to amachine-learning model which uses this data to determine that at thisgeographic location there is track that is defined as “choppy” becauseevery railcar registered a similar vibration profile with approximatelythe same time duration at the same geographic location. The ITC may sendan alert or alarm to the PWG and/or to a remote processing device.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 10 for a track subsidence situation. A train with120 railcars may be assembled in rail yard Y, and an ITC network isformed between the locomotive and all 120 railcars. The train route ison known railroad X from Point A to Point C. Hop distance HD>HD_(th)(for example HD=5 railcars). Link Margin LM>LM_(th) (for exampleLM_(th)=10 dB threshold). Parent/Child relationship >2 (for example 6).Prior to departure, the ITC downloaded railroad track route information.For example, the ITC may have downloaded information related to thistrack route from one or more previous trips from a processing device.

The train departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a 200hundred mile trip to Point C. The train is traveling at a speed of 30mph. The accelerometer on each railcar detects a vibration above athreshold value at a geographic location along the route. The vibrationprofile indicates each railcar experiences for example, ten degree lefttilt or roll when it passes over geographic location B that lasts for aduration of approximately fifteen seconds. Every railcar in the trainregisters a vibration above the threshold value with approximately thesame ten degree left tilt or roll indication for the same time durationin the same geographic location. The tilt or roll vibration data fromeach railcar is provided to a machine-learning model, which determinesthat at this geographic location there is a track subsidence (e.g., anarea of the track that is depressed or sunken). The ITC may send analert or alarm to the PWG and/or to a remote processing device

In various embodiments, atmospheric conditions, such as atmosphericmoisture, can have significant attenuation effects on signalpropagation. The effect on an ITC network can be detrimental.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example implementation for processingenvironmental interference according to an embodiment. One or moresensors of a railcar or a train consist may measure 1100 one or moreenvironmental parameter values. For example, a temperature sensor of arailcar in a train consist may measure 1100 a temperature at a certainpoint in time. Similarly, a humidity sensor of a railcar in a trainconsist may measure 1100 a humidity value at a certain point in time. Inan embodiment, a PWG of a train consist may receive one or moreenvironmental parameter values from a remote processing device.

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 1102 track routeinformation. Track route information may include known information abouta train consist's anticipated route such as information pertaining toknown adverse conditions, historical travel information by this trainconsist or other train consists across the same route and/or the like.In various embodiments, track route information may be stored by a datastore of a train consist. At least a portion of the track routeinformation may be downloaded to the data store from a remote processingdevice before departure.

A train consist may access 1104 one or more threshold values accordingto an embodiment. In an embodiment, a data store, such as a data storeassociated with the train consist, may store one or more thresholdvalues for various parameters, measurement variables and/or networkmetrics associated with the train consist.

At least a portion of the environmental parameter values, the thresholdvalues and/or the track route information may be provided 1106 to amachine-learning model for analysis. As discussed above, themachine-learning model may be stored locally by the train consist.Alternatively, the machine-learning model may be stored remotely from atrain consist. In the case of the latter, the train consist may send atleast a portion of the parameters to a remote processing device.

In various embodiments, an on-board humidity, dampness and/or barometricpressure sensor(s) of the system may measure an atmospheric change thatmay exceed one or more threshold values. In response the system maygenerate a notification of the occurrence, recognizing that thissituation is typically accompanied by an increase in atmosphericabsorption which attenuates the strength of radio signals.

A machine learning model may use at least a portion of the providedinformation to determine 1108 whether one or more environmental changeshave occurred. For example, a machine-learning model may determine 1108whether one or more measured values exceed a threshold value or athreshold range for a certain period of time. As another example, amachine-learning model may determine whether one or more measured valuesare below a threshold value or a threshold range for a certain period oftime. The period of time may be a threshold value associated with thetime duration for a variable. For example, a change may have occurred ifthe temperature or humidity exceeds a relevant threshold value for acertain period of time. As another example, a change may have occurredif the temperature or humidity fall below a threshold value for a periodof time. As another example, a change may have occurred if environmentalinformation received by a PWG (such as, for example, informationpertaining to a weather report or future weather predictions) exceed orfall below one or more relevant threshold values.

If the machine-learning model determines 1108 that one or more changeshave not occurred, then the process 1100-1108 may repeat for one or morenew measurement values as illustrated by FIG. 11 . If themachine-learning model determines 1108 that one or more changes haveoccurred, then the machine-learning model may determine and/or implement1110 one or more adjustments to be made to a hop distance value and/or atransmission power (Tx) value of the train consist. In variousembodiments, Tx may be a power level at which one or more nodes of anetwork (e.g., a CMU, a WSN, a PWG, and/or the like) transmits.

In various embodiments, one or more adjustments to a hop distance valueand/or a Tx value may be made in response to the machine-learning modeldetermining that an environmental condition has passed. For instance, amachine-learning model may adjust the hop distance value and/or the Txvalue in response to encountering an environmental condition. Asillustrated in FIG. 11 , the system may determine 1124 whether torestore 1126 one or more parameters. The system may determine 1124 torestore 1126 one or more parameters in response to determining that anenvironmental condition has passed (e.g., one or more parametersindicative of such environmental condition have changed). In such asituation, the system may restore 1126 one or more parameters (e.g., thehop distance value and/or the Tx value) to levels consistent with levelsin existence before the environmental condition was encountered. Forexample, the machine-learning model may increase the hop distance valueand/or decrease the Tx value to restore them to values consistent withthose in effect before the environmental condition was encountered. Ifthe system determines that a restore is not needed (e.g., the detectedchange is not indicative of the passing of an environmental condition),the process may advance to step 1112 as discussed below.

In an embodiment, a minimum LM threshold value (LM_(th)) may bedetermined 1112. In various embodiments, a LM threshold value may bedetermined by obtaining it from an applicable data store. If the currentLM is greater than LM_(th) 1114, then the process returns to 1106 wherethe data is recorded and saved to a data store for future use. If thecurrent LM is not greater than LM_(th) 1114, then the HD may bedecreased 1116. The current HD value may be compared 1118 to a thresholdhop distance (HD_(th)). If HD is greater than the HD_(th) 1118, then theLM may be evaluated again at step 1114 as described above. If the HD isnot greater than HD_(th) 1118, then transmission power (Tx) may beincreased 1120. If Tx is less than a maximum output threshold value1122, then the process may return to 1106. If Tx is not less than themaximum output 1122, the process may evaluate the LM again at step 1114as described above.

Based on analysis of such environmental conditions, one or more railcarsmay adapt network parameter settings as they traverse though changingimpairment environments.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 11 for precipitation atmospheric attenuationaccording to an embodiment. A train consist with 120 railcars may beassembled in rail yard Y, and an ITC network is formed between thelocomotive and all 120 railcars. The train route is on known railroad Xfrom Point A to Point C. Hop distance HD>HD_(th) (for example HD=5railcars). Link Margin LM>LM_(th) (for example LM_(th)=10 dB threshold).Parent/Child relationship >2 (for example 6). Prior to departure, theITC downloaded railroad track route information and weather reportinformation. For example, the ITC may have downloaded this informationfrom one or more previous trips from a processing device.

The train consist departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X fora 200 hundred mile trip to Point C. The ITC, at regular or periodic timeintervals, collects ambient temperature sensor data, humidity sensordata and local weather report and provides this data to amachine-learning model. The ITC establishes a link margin threshold(LM_(th)) required to maintain communication from the locomotive to the120^(th) railcar in the train consist.

The local weather reports indicates rain at Point B on known railroad X.The train approaches Point B on known railroad X. The machine-learningmodel has been learning from the periodic input of humidity sensor dataacross train consists that there is an increasing humidity level and itis at a threshold where the atmospheric humidity will likely negativelyimpact the LM of the present consist. The increase in humidity causesthe LM to drop below the LM_(th). When the LM drops below the LM_(th),the HD is decreased from 5 to 4. If HD is greater than HD_(th), the LMis checked to determine if the LM is greater than the LM_(th). If the LMis not greater than the LM_(th), the HD is decreased from 4 to 3. Thisprocess continues until the LM is greater than or equal to LM_(th) orthe HD is less than HD_(th).

If HD drops below HD_(th) and LM still is less than LM_(th), the nextstep is an increase of Tx power by 1 db, for example. The Tx power isadjusted until LM≥LM_(th) or Tx power equals Tx power maximum output. IfTx power is greater than maximum power output, then LM and Tx powerinformation is provided to the machine-learning model.

As the train moves out of the local rain pattern, the collection atperiodic time intervals of ambient temperature sensor data, humiditysensor data and the local weather report that is provided to themachine-learning model is indicating a decrease in atmospheric humidity.The decreasing humidity informs the ITC, the Tx power can be decreasedby 1 dB, for example, which in turns continues until HD≥HD_(th) andsubsequently the HD can be increased from 3 to 4 and so on until the LMis greater than LM_(th).

FIG. 12 illustrates an example implementation for processing multi-pathscenarios caused by inter-symbol interference (“ISI”) according to anembodiment. ISI refers to a measure of signal corruption or disruptionin which one symbol interferes with subsequent symbols at the basebandlevel. The presence of ISI in the system introduces errors in thedecision device at the receiver output. Therefore, in the design of thetransmitting and receiving filters, the objective is to minimize theeffects of ISI, and thereby deliver the digital data to its destinationwith a smallest error rate possible.

In various embodiment, an on-board CMU may measure receive signalstrength (RSSI) at a front end of a train consist, but may detect datacorruption in the processing end of the receiver chain. The system mayrecognize that this situation is symptomatic of an over-spreading orblurring together of symbols in baseband domain (or intersymbolinterference).

As illustrated by FIG. 12 , the LM for a train consist may be determined1200.

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 1202 track routeinformation. Track route information may include known information abouta train consist's anticipated route such as information pertaining toknown adverse conditions, historical travel information by this trainconsist or other train consists across the same route and/or the like.In various embodiments, track route information may be stored by a datastore of a train consist. At least a portion of the track routeinformation may be downloaded to the data store from a remote processingdevice before departure.

A train consist may access 1204 one or more threshold values accordingto an embodiment. In an embodiment, a data store, such as a data storeassociated with the train consist, may store one or more thresholdvalues for various parameters, measurement variables and/or networkmetrics associated with the train consist.

At least a portion of the LM value, the threshold values and/or thetrack route information may be provided 1206 to a machine-learning modelfor analysis. The machine-learning model may determine 1208 whether ISIis detected. For example, the machine-learning model may determinewhether the LM is greater than the LM_(th). If so, then, themachine-learning model may determine 1208 that no ISI is detected, andthe process may proceed to step 1220 where the system may determine 1220whether to restore 1222 one or more network parameters. For instance,the system may determine 1220 whether to restore 1222 one or moreparameters in response to determining that a period of ISI has passed oris no longer being experienced (e.g., one or more parameters indicativeof ISI have changed). In such a situation, the system may restore 1222one or more parameters to levels consistent with levels in existencebefore the ISI was encountered. For example, the system may restore 1222one or more settings by, for example, making one or more adjustments toa hop distance value and/or a Tx value in response to determining thatISI has passed. For instance, a machine-learning model may adjust thehop distance value and/or the Tx value to levels consistent with levelsin existence before the ISI was encountered. For example, themachine-learning model may increase the hop distance value and/orincrease the Tx value to restore them to values consistent with those ineffect before the ISI was encountered. If the system determines norestore is needed, the process may return to 1200. If the LM is notgreater than the LM_(th) then the machine-learning model may determine1208 that ISI is detected. If ISI is detected, then an adjustment mayneed to be made to the HD and/or the Tx of the train consist.

As illustrated in FIG. 12 , if ISI is detected, the HD may be decreased1210 in an effort to improve LM and mitigate the effects of multipath orchannel non-linearity potentially present in longer communication paths.The current HD is compared 1212 to a threshold hop distance value(HD_(th)). If the HD is greater than the HD_(th), the process mayevaluate the LM again at step 1208 as described above. If the HD is notgreater than HD_(th), the process may continue to step 1214 where the LMis measured.

If the current LM is greater than LM_(th) the process may return to 1200where the data may be recorded and saved to memory for future use. Ifthe current LM is not greater than than LM_(th) and ISI is stillpresent, this may be due to distortion at the transmitter (e.g., thetransmitter is being overdriven), and the Tx may be reduced 1216. OnceTx is reduced, the Tx may be compared 1218 to a minimum output. If theTx is greater than minimum output, the LM may be evaluated again at step1214 as described above. If the Tx is not greater than the minimumoutput, the process may return to 1200 where the data is recorded andsaved to memory for future use.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 12 for detecting ISI according to an embodiment. Atrain consist with 120 railcars may be assembled in rail yard Y, and anITC network is formed between the locomotive and all 120 railcars. Thetrain route is on known railroad X from Point A to Point C. Hop distanceHD>HD_(th) (for example HD=5 railcars). Link Margin LM>LM_(th) (forexample LM_(th)=10 dB threshold). Parent/Child relationship >2 (forexample 6). Prior to departure, the ITC downloaded railroad track routeinformation. For example, the ITC may have downloaded this informationfrom one or more previous trips from a processing device.

The train departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a 200hundred mile trip to Point C. At the 50 mile mark, the LM begins todecrease and ISI is detected. When ISI is detected, the HD is decreasedby one railcar from 5 to 4 for example and/or Tx power increased by 1dB, for example. Adjustments to HD and Tx power will continue until HDequals HD_(th) or Tx power reaches maximum output. As the traincontinues on its route to Point C, the ITC determines that ISI is nolonger present. Without ISI, the HD and Tx power can be adjusted suchthat LM≥LM_(th).

FIG. 13 illustrates an example implementation for processing multi-pathscenarios caused by noise interference (“No”) according to anembodiment. No refers to any unwanted disturbance in an electricalsignal. As illustrated by FIG. 13 , the LM for a train consist may bedetermined 1300.

In an embodiment, a train consist may access 1302 track routeinformation. Track route information may include known information abouta train consist's anticipated route such as information pertaining toknown adverse conditions, historical travel information by this trainconsist or other train consists across the same route and/or the like.In various embodiments, track route information may be stored by a datastore of a train consist. At least a portion of the track routeinformation may be downloaded to the data store from a remote processingdevice before departure.

A train consist may access 1304 one or more threshold values accordingto an embodiment. In an embodiment, a data store, such as a data storeassociated with the train consist, may store one or more thresholdvalues for various parameters, measurement variables and/or networkmetrics associated with the train consist.

An on-board CMU may measure poor LM for a communication path or pathsthat had previously been measuring good LM and may report the same. Thismay be symptomatic of an introduction of noise or interference in thecommunication path(s).

At least a portion of the LM value, the threshold values and/or thetrack route information may be provided 1306 to a machine-learning modelfor analysis. The machine-learning model may determine 1308 whethernoise interference, No, is detected. If the machine-learning modeldetermines that no noise interference is detected, the process returnsto 1306 where the data is recorded and saved to a data store for futureuse.

To determine 1308 whether noise interference is detected, the LM may becompared to a threshold value, LM_(th). If the current LM is greaterthan LM_(th), the process may return to 1306 where the data may berecorded and saved for future use. If the current LM is not greater thanLM_(th), then noise interference may be detected and Tx may be increased1310. Tx may be compared 1312 a threshold value. If Tx is less thanmaximum output, LM may be evaluated again at step 1308 as describedabove. If Tx is not less than the maximum output, then the process mayreturn to 1306 where the data may be recorded and saved for future use.

In an embodiment, the system may determine 1314 whether to restore oneor more network parameters in response to detecting that no noiseinterference or a reduced level of noise interference is detected. Forinstance, the system may determine 1314 whether to restore 1316 one ormore parameters in response to determining that a period of noiseinterference has passed or is no longer being experienced (e.g., one ormore parameters indicative of noise interference have changed). In sucha situation, the system may restore 1316 one or more parameters tolevels consistent with levels in existence before the noise interferencewas encountered. One or more adjustments to a Tx value may be made inresponse to the machine-learning model determining that no noiseinterference or a reduced level of noise interference is detected. Forinstance, a machine-learning model may decrease the Tx value to levelsconsistent with levels in existence before the noise interference wasencountered.

The following provides an example of the process described above inconnection with FIG. 13 for detection of noise interference according toan embodiment. A train consist with 120 railcars may be assembled inrail yard Y, and an ITC network is formed between the locomotive and all120 railcars. The train consist route is on known railroad X from PointA to Point C. Hop distance HD>HD_(th) (for example HD=5 railcars). LinkMargin LM>LM_(th) (for example LM_(th)=10 dB threshold). Parent/Childrelationship >2 (for example 6). Prior to departure, the ITC downloadedrailroad track route information. For example, the ITC may havedownloaded this information from one or more previous trips from aprocessing device.

The train departs rail yard Y at Point A on known railroad X for a 200hundred mile trip to Point C. At the 40 mile mark, the LM begins todecrease. Noise interference is detected. When noise interference isdetected, the Tx is increased by 1 dB, for example. Adjustments to Txwill continue until LM≥LM_(th) or Tx reaches maximum output. As thetrain continues on its route to Point C, the ITC determines noiseinterference is no longer present. Without noise interference, the Txcan be adjusted such that LM≥LM_(th).

As illustrated in FIG. 14A-14C, ITCs and network nodes of ITCs may bearranged in a number of different configurations. In a starconfiguration, for example, a central gateway device (such as, forexample, a PWG) may communicate directly with each node in the network.Star network configurations must maintain direct network paths to thegateway and do not have any redundancy features. In the example of anITC network, a star network is shown in FIG. 14A. Train consist 1400includes a network in a star configuration with locomotive 1402 servingas a gateway and each railcar 1404 serving as a node. Network signals1406 travel directly between the nodes 1404 and gateway 1402. Thus, thepathway between the locomotive and the last railcar on the train must bemaintained. In addition, the locomotive gateway represents a singlepoint of failure without any redundancy.

Referring now to FIG. 14B, train consist 1410 includes a network in atree configuration with locomotive 1412 acting as a coordinatorconnecting to two routers 1414 that each, in turn, connect to end nodes1418. Network signals 1416 connect between coordinator 1412 and routers1414, and connect between routers 1414 and end nodes 1418. Routersrequire more power than end nodes and represent a single point offailure with respect to the end nodes connected to them. Treeconfigurations also present limited options for dynamic networkself-healing.

Referring now to FIG. 14C, train consist 1420 includes a network in amesh configuration. Locomotive 1422 and railcars 1424 represent nodes inthe mesh network, with the locomotive node 1422 being a coordinator nodethat manages all device connections. Each node 1424 is capable ofconnecting with any other node in the train consist and has multipletransmission paths to improve reliability, lower latency, and decreasepower consumption. Practically, connections will be made between near-bynodes. In the example of FIG. 14B, each node 1424 is connected toanother node within two railcar lengths. This distance may be longer orshorter depending on the range of the nodes and the environment in whichthey are used. Mesh networks provide reduced latency to the coordinator1422 and optimizes both short and long range paths. Mesh networks alsoenable nodes 1424 to reconfigure and self-heal themselves to continuallyoptimize the network. Paths are continuously optimized for theenvironment, and will dynamically change to adjust to a varied spatialand RF environment.

FIG. 15 depicts a block diagram of hardware that may be used to containor implement program instructions, such as those of a remote server,cloud-based server, electronic device, virtual machine, or container. Abus 1500 serves as an information highway interconnecting the otherillustrated components of the hardware. The bus may be a physicalconnection between elements of the system, or a wired or wirelesscommunication system via which various elements of the system sharedata. Processor 1505 is a processing device that performs calculationsand logic operations required to execute a program. Processor 1505,alone or in conjunction with one or more of the other elements disclosedin FIG. 15 , is an example of a processing device, computing device orprocessor as such terms are used within this disclosure. The processingdevice may be a physical processing device, a virtual device containedwithin another processing device, or a container included within aprocessing device.

A memory device 1520 is a hardware element or segment of a hardwareelement on which programming instructions, data, or both may be stored.Read only memory (ROM) and random access memory (RAM) constituteexamples of memory devices, along with cloud storage services.

An optional display interface 1530 may permit information to bedisplayed on the display 1535 in audio, visual, graphic or alphanumericformat. Communication with external devices, such as a printing device,may occur using various communication devices 1540, such as acommunication port or antenna. A communication device 1540 may becommunicatively connected to a communication network, such as theInternet or an intranet.

The hardware may also include a user input interface 1545 which allowsfor receipt of data from input devices such as a keyboard or keypad1550, or other input device 1555 such as a mouse, a touch pad, a touchscreen, a remote control, a pointing device, a video input device and/ora microphone. Data also may be received from an image capturing devicesuch as a digital camera or video camera. A positional sensor and/ormotion sensor may be included to detect position and movement of thedevice. Examples of motion sensors include gyroscopes or accelerometers.An example of a positional sensor is a global positioning system (GPS)sensor device that receives positional data from an external GPSnetwork.

The features and functions described above, as well as alternatives, maybe combined into many other different systems or applications. Variousalternatives, modifications, variations or improvements may be made bythose skilled in the art, each of which is also intended to beencompassed by the disclosed embodiments.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of dynamically adjusting a configurationof an intra-train communication network, the method comprising:receiving, by an electronic device, one or more parameter valuesassociated with a train consist; determining, by the electronic device,whether a potentially adverse condition that would affect intra-traincommunication for the train consist is anticipated based on at least aportion of the received parameter values; in response to determiningthat the potentially adverse condition is anticipated, identifying, bythe electronic device, one or more updated network parameter settingsthat will assist in maintaining intra-train communication of the trainconsist during an occurrence of the potentially adverse condition byexecuting a machine learning model; and implementing, by the electronicdevice, the identified one or more updated network parameter settings.2. The method of claim 1: further comprising identifying, by theelectronic device, one or more historical parameter values associatedwith a previous navigation of at least a portion of a route beingtravelled by the train consist or by one or more other train consists,wherein determining whether a potentially adverse condition that wouldaffect intra-train communication for the train consist is anticipatedcomprises making such determination based on at least a portion of thehistorical parameter values.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein receivingone or more parameters values associated with a train consist comprisesreceiving at least a portion of the one or more parameter values from agateway of the train consist, wherein the one or more parameter valuesare measured by one or more sensors of the train consist, wherein theone or more sensors comprise one or more of the following: anaccelerometer; a gyroscope; a magnetometer; a motion sensor; a locationsensor; a temperature sensor; a humidity sensor; a barometric pressuresensor; or an atmospheric sensor.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein: thepotentially adverse condition is a tight turn, receiving one or moreparameter values associated with the train consists comprises receiving:a centrifugal force measurement or an angular acceleration measurement,and a duration associated with the centrifugal force measurement or theangular acceleration measurement, executing the machine learning modelcomprises: determining whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decreasing a hop distance value associatedwith the train consist, determining whether a link margin valueassociated with the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value,and in response to determining that the link margin value does notexceed the link margin threshold value, further decreasing the hopdistance value until the link margin value exceeds the link marginthreshold value.
 5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:determining that the train consist has cleared the tight turn; andrestoring the hop distance value to a value in effect prior toencountering the tight turn.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein: thepotentially adverse condition is a tight turn, receiving one or moreparameter values associated with the train consists comprises receiving:a centrifugal force measurement or an angular acceleration measurement,and a duration associated with the centrifugal force measurement or theangular acceleration measurement, executing the machine learning modelcomprises: determining whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decreasing a parent-child relationshipvalue associated with the train consist, determining whether a linkmargin value associated with the train consist exceeds a link marginthreshold value, and in response to determining that the link marginvalue does not exceed the link margin threshold value, furtherdecreasing the parent-child relationship value until the link marginvalue exceeds the link margin threshold value.
 7. The method of claim 6,further comprising: determining that the train consist has cleared thetight turn; and restoring the parent/child relationship value to a valuein effect prior to encountering the tight turn.
 8. The method of claim1, wherein: the potentially adverse condition is rough track, brokentrack or an area of track subsidence, receiving one or more parametervalues associated with the train consists comprises receiving: ameasurement of an amount of vibration being experienced, a locationassociated with where the measurement was obtained, executing themachine learning model comprises: obtaining historical data comprisingvibration information experienced by the train consist or one or more ofthe other train consists during a previous journey, and determiningwhether at least a portion of the received parameter values correlatesto at least a portion of the historical data, and, if so, classifyingthe one or more parameter values as a causation; the method furthercomprises: determining whether a link margin value exceeds a link marginthreshold value, and in response to determining that the link marginvalue exceeds the link margin threshold value, reducing a hop distancevalue associated with the train consist and reducing a parent/childrelationship value associated with the train consist.
 9. The method ofclaim 8, further comprising: in response to determining that the linkmargin value exceeds the link margin threshold value, restoring each ofthe hop distance value and the parent/child relationship value to avalue in effect prior to encountering the potentially adverse condition.10. The method of claim 1, wherein: the potential adverse condition is aweather-related event, receiving one or more parameter values associatedwith the train consists comprises receiving one or more of a temperaturemeasurement or a humidity measurement, executing the machine learningmodel comprises: determining whether a duration associated with thetemperature measurement or the humidity measurement exceeds a thresholdvalue, in response to determining that the duration exceeds thethreshold value: determining whether a link margin value exceeds a linkmargin threshold value, and in response to determining that the linkmargin value does not exceed the link margin threshold value, decreasinga hop distance value associated with the train consist.
 11. The methodof claim 10, further comprising: determining whether the hop distancevalue exceeds a hop distance threshold value; and in response todetermining that the hop distance value does not exceed the hop distancethreshold value, increasing a transmission power value associated withthe train consist.
 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:determining that the train consist is no longer experiencing theweather-related event; and performing one or more of the following:restoring the hop distance value to a value in effect prior toencountering the weather-related event, or restoring the transmissionpower value to a value in effect prior to encountering theweather-related event.
 13. The method of claim 1, wherein: the potentialadverse condition is inter-symbol interference, receiving one or moreparameter values associated with the train consists comprises receivinga link margin value associated with the train consist, executing themachine learning model comprises: determining whether the link marginvalue exceeds a link margin threshold value, and in response todetermining that the link margin value does not exceed the link marginthreshold value: decreasing a hop distance value until the hop distancevalue does not exceed a hop distance threshold value, determiningwhether the link margin value exceeds a link margin threshold value, inresponse to determining that the link margin value does not exceed thelink margin threshold value: reducing a transmission power valueassociated with the train consist, and determining whether thetransmission power value is greater than a minimum output value.
 14. Themethod of claim 13, further comprising: in response to determining thatthe transmission power value is greater than the minimum output value:determining whether the link margin value exceeds the link marginthreshold value, in response to determining that the link margin valuedoes not exceed the link margin threshold value: further reducing thetransmission power value associated with the train consist, anddetermining whether the further reduced transmission power value isgreater than a minimum output value.
 15. The method of claim 14, furthercomprising: determining that the train consist is no longer experiencinginter-symbol interference; and restoring the transmission power value toa value in effect prior to encountering the inter-symbol interference.16. The method of claim 1, wherein: the potential adverse condition isnoise interference, receiving one or more parameter values associatedwith the train consists comprises receiving a link margin valueassociated with the train consist, executing the machine learning modelcomprises: determining whether the link margin value exceeds a linkmargin threshold value, in response to determining that the link marginvalue does not exceed the link margin threshold value: increasing atransmission power value associated with the train consist, anddetermining whether the transmission power value is less than themaximum output value.
 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: inresponse to determining that the transmission power value is less thanthe maximum output value: determining whether the link margin valueexceeds the link margin threshold value, in response to determining thatthe link margin value does not exceed the link margin threshold value:further increasing the transmission power value associated with thetrain consist, and determining whether the further increasedtransmission power value is greater than the maximum output value. 18.The method of claim 16, further comprising: determining that the trainconsist is no longer experiencing noise interference; and restoring thetransmission power value to a value in effect prior to encountering thenoise interference.
 19. A system for dynamically adjusting aconfiguration of an intra-train communication network, the systemcomprising: an electronic device; and a computer-readable storage mediumcomprising one or more programming instructions that, when executed,cause the electronic device to: receive one or more parameters valuesassociated with a train consist, determine whether a potentially adversecondition that would affect intra-train communication for the trainconsist is anticipated based on at least a portion of the receivedparameters, in response to determining that the potentially adversecondition is anticipated, identify one or more updated network parametersettings that will assist in maintaining intra-train communication ofthe train consist during an occurrence of the potentially adversecondition by executing a machine learning model, and implement theidentified one or more updated network parameter settings.
 20. Thesystem of claim 19, wherein: the computer-readable storage mediumfurther comprises one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to identify one or more historicalparameter values associated with a previous navigation of at least aportion of a route being travelled by the train consist or by one ormore other train consists, the one or more programming instructionsthat, when executed, cause the electronic device to determine whether apotentially adverse condition that would affect intra-traincommunication for the train consist is anticipated comprises one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to make such determination based on at least a portion of thehistorical parameter values.
 21. The system of claim 19, wherein the oneor more programming instructions that, when executed, cause theelectronic device to receive one or more parameters values associatedwith a train consist comprise one or more programming instructions that,when executed, cause the electronic device to receive at least a portionof the one or more parameter values from a gateway of the train consist,wherein the one or more parameter values are measured by one or moresensors of the train consist, wherein the one or more sensors compriseone or more of the following: an accelerometer; a gyroscope; amagnetometer; a motion sensor; a location sensor; a temperature sensor;a humidity sensor; a barometric pressure sensor; or an atmosphericsensor.
 22. The system of claim 19, wherein the one or more programminginstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to receiveone or more parameters values associated with the train consist compriseone or more programming instructions that, when executed, cause theelectronic device to receive at least a portion of the one or moreparameter values from one or more sensors of the train consist.
 23. Thesystem of claim 19, wherein: the potentially adverse condition is atight turn, the one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to receive one or more parametervalues associated with the train consists comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive: a centrifugal force measurement or an angularacceleration measurement, and a duration associated with the centrifugalforce measurement or the angular acceleration measurement, the one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to execute the machine learning model comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decrease a hop distance value associatedwith the train consist, determine whether a link margin value associatedwith the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value, and inresponse to determining that the link margin value does not exceed thelink margin threshold value, further decrease the hop distance valueuntil the link margin value exceeds the link margin threshold value. 24.The system of claim 23, wherein the computer-readable storage mediumfurther comprises one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to: determine that the trainconsist has cleared the tight turn; and restore the hop distance valueto a value in effect prior to encountering the tight turn.
 25. Thesystem of claim 19, wherein: the potentially adverse condition is atight turn, the one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to receive one or more parametervalues associated with the train consists comprise the one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive: a centrifugal force measurement or an angularacceleration measurement, and a duration associated with the centrifugalforce measurement or the angular acceleration measurement, the one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to execute the machine learning model comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine whether the duration associated with thecentrifugal force measurement or the angular acceleration measurementexceeds a threshold value, in response to determining that the durationexceeds the threshold value, decrease a parent-child relationship valueassociated with the train consist, determine whether a link margin valueassociated with the train consist exceeds a link margin threshold value,and in response to determining that the link margin value does notexceed the link margin threshold value, further decrease theparent-child relationship value until the link margin value exceeds thelink margin threshold value.
 26. The system of claim 25, wherein thecomputer-readable storage medium further comprises one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine that the train consist has cleared the tight turn;and restore the parent/child relationship value to a value in effectprior to encountering the tight turn.
 27. The system of claim 19,wherein: the potentially adverse condition is rough track, broken trackor an area of track subsidence, the one or more programming instructionsthat, when executed, cause the electronic device to receive one or moreparameter values associated with the train consists comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive: a measurement of an amount of vibration beingexperienced, a location associated with where the measurement wasobtained, the one or more programming instructions that, when executed,cause the electronic device to execute the machine learning modelcomprise one or more programming instructions that, when executed, causethe electronic device to: obtain historical data comprising vibrationinformation experienced by the train consist or one or more of the othertrain consists during a previous journey, and determine whether at leasta portion of the received parameter values correlates to at least aportion of the historical data, and, if so, classifying the one or moreparameter values as a causation; the computer-readable storage mediumfurther comprises one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to: determine whether a linkmargin value exceeds a link margin threshold value, and in response todetermining that the link margin value exceeds the link margin thresholdvalue, reduce a hop distance value associated with the train consist andreduce a parent/child relationship value associated with the trainconsist.
 28. The system of claim 27, wherein the computer-readablestorage medium further comprises one or more programming instructionsthat, when executed, cause the electronic device to, in response todetermining that the link margin value exceeds the link margin thresholdvalue, restoring each of the hop distance value and the parent/childrelationship value to a value in effect prior to encountering thepotentially adverse condition.
 29. The system of claim 19, wherein: thepotential adverse condition is a weather-related event, the one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive one or more parameter values associated with the trainconsists comprise one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to receive one or more of atemperature measurement or a humidity measurement, the one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to execute the machine learning model comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine whether a duration associated with the temperaturemeasurement or the humidity measurement exceeds a threshold value, inresponse to determining that the duration exceeds the threshold value:determine whether a link margin value exceeds a link margin thresholdvalue, and in response to determining that the link margin value doesnot exceed the link margin threshold value, decrease a hop distancevalue associated with the train consist.
 30. The system of claim 29,wherein the computer-readable storage medium further comprises one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine whether the hop distance value is less than a hopdistance threshold value; in response to determining that the hopdistance value is less than the hop distance threshold value, increase atransmission power value associated with the train consist.
 31. Thesystem of claim 30, wherein the computer-readable storage medium furthercomprises one or more programming instructions that, when executed,cause the electronic device to: determine that the train consist is nolonger experiencing the weather-related event; and perform one or moreof the following: restore the hop distance value to a value in effectprior to encountering the weather-related event, or restore thetransmission power value to a value in effect prior to encountering theweather-related event.
 32. The system of claim 19, wherein: thepotential adverse condition is inter-symbol interference, the one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive one or more parameter values associated with the trainconsists comprise the one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to receive a link margin valueassociated with the train consist, the one or more programminginstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to executethe machine learning model comprise one or more programming instructionsthat, when executed, cause the electronic device to: determine whetherthe link margin value exceeds a link margin threshold value, and inresponse to determining that the link margin value does not exceed thelink margin threshold value: decrease a hop distance value until the hopdistance value does not exceed a hop distance threshold value, determinewhether the link margin value exceeds a link margin threshold value, inresponse to determining that the link margin value does not exceed thelink margin threshold value: reduce a transmission power valueassociated with the train consist, and determine whether thetransmission power value is greater than a minimum output value.
 33. Thesystem of claim 32, wherein the computer-readable storage medium furthercomprises one or more programming instructions that, when executed,cause the electronic device to: in response to determining that thetransmission power value is greater than the minimum output value:determine whether the link margin value exceeds the link marginthreshold value, in response to determining that the link margin valuedoes not exceed the link margin threshold value: further reduce thetransmission power value associated with the train consist, anddetermine whether the further reduced transmission power value isgreater than a minimum output value.
 34. The system of claim 32, whereinthe computer-readable storage medium further comprises one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine that the train consist is no longer experiencinginter-symbol interference; and restore the transmission power value to avalue in effect prior to encountering the inter-symbol interference. 35.The system of claim 19, wherein: the potential adverse condition isnoise interference, the one or more programming instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the electronic device to receive one or more parametervalues associated with the train consists comprise one or moreprogramming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to receive a link margin value associated with the train consist,the one or more programming instructions that, when executed, cause theelectronic device to execute the machine learning model comprise one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine whether the link margin value exceeds a link marginthreshold value, in response to determining that the link margin valuedoes not exceed the link margin threshold value: increase a transmissionpower value associated with the train consist, and determine whether thetransmission power value is less than the maximum output value.
 36. Thesystem of claim 35, wherein the computer-readable storage medium furthercomprises one or more programming instructions that, when executed,cause the electronic device to: in response to determining that thetransmission power value is less than the maximum output value:determine whether the link margin value exceeds the link marginthreshold value, in response to determining that the link margin valuedoes not exceed the link margin threshold value: further increase thetransmission power value associated with the train consist, anddetermine whether the further increased transmission power value isgreater than the maximum output value.
 37. The system of claim 35,wherein the computer-readable storage medium further comprises one ormore programming instructions that, when executed, cause the electronicdevice to: determine that the train consist is no longer experiencingnoise interference; and restore the transmission power value to a valuein effect prior to encountering the noise interference.
 38. A system fordynamically adjusting a configuration of an intra-train communicationnetwork, the system comprising: an electronic device; and acomputer-readable storage medium comprising one or more programminginstructions that, when executed, cause the electronic device to:receive one or more parameters values associated with a train consist,determine whether the train consist is no longer experiencing apotentially adverse condition that affected intra-train communicationfor the train consist based on at least a portion of the receivedparameters, and in response to determining that the train consist is nolonger experiencing the potentially adverse condition: identifying oneor more network parameter settings that were updated while the trainconsist was experiencing the potentially adverse condition in order tomaintain intra-train communication of the train consist during thepotentially adverse condition, and restoring the one or more networkparameter settings to values that were in existence prior to the trainconsist experiencing the potentially adverse condition.